This Circular was issued by the Ministry of Construction on November 30, 2022, with some notable contents as follows
* Regarding the scope of application, the National Regulation in this Circular applies to:
- Housing: apartment buildings and collective houses with a fire prevention and fighting height of up to 150 m and no more than 3 basements; separate houses with a height of 7 floors or more or with more than 1 basement to 3 basements, separate houses in combination with production and business with a floor area for production and business purposes occupying over 30% of the total floor area;
- Public buildings with a height of fire prevention and fighting up to 150 m and no more than 3 basements (except for works directly used as places of worship or belief; monuments); types of outdoor sports fields with stands (stadium, training ground, sports competition and the like);
- Manufacturers, warehouses, suppliers of technical infrastructure facilities and utilities, with a height of fire prevention and fighting up to 50 m and no more than 1 basement; buildings serving transportation with a height of fire prevention and fighting up to 50 m and not exceeding 3 basements;
- Rural development and agricultural service providers (except for arboretums, greenhouses for planting trees and the like).
* The Circular sets out basic principle requirements for house design, construction process and use. Specifically:
i) When designing, there must be structural solutions, layout - space and construction techniques to ensure that when a fire occurs:
- The building still maintains its overall stability and shape invariance for a certain period, which is determined by the building's fire resistance level;
- Everyone in the house (regardless of age and health condition) can evacuate outside to a safe area (hereinafter referred to as outside) before a threat to life and health appears. health due to the impact of dangerous factors of the fire;
- Ability to save people;
- Fire-fighting forces and means can approach the fire and take measures to fight the fire and save people and property;
- Do not let the fire spread to the neighbouring houses, even in case the burning house collapses;
ii) During the construction process must ensure:
- Implement fire prevention and fighting requirements for works under construction, auxiliary works, Equip fire fighting means according to regulations and in a state of readiness for operation;
- The ability to safely escape and save people, as well as protect property when a fire occurs in construction works and on construction sites, etc.
iii) During the exploitation process the user must:
- Ensure the building's parts and the working ability of the fire protection systems following design requirements and technical documents; comply with regulations on fire prevention and fighting as prescribed;
- Do not change the structure or the solutions for the layout of the ground - space and engineering work without the approved design as prescribed; etc
In addition to the General provisions in Clause 1, the content of Circular 06/2022/TT-BXD stipulates quite detailed national standards in five groups of contents:
1. Group of regulations on technical classification of fire (Clause 2 of the Circular)
2. Group of standards on ensuring safety for people (Clause 3)
3. Group of standards on preventing fire spread (clause 4);
4. Group of standards on water supply for fire fighting (Clause 5);
5. Standard group on fire fighting and rescue (Clause 6).
In the Group of regulations on technical classification of fire (clause 2), Table 6 (classification of Group of houses based on fire hazard according to function) has divided into 05 different groups of houses such as Houses for permanent or temporary residence (group F1); Houses of cultural and sports facilities (group F2); Houses of residential commercial, business and service establishments (Group F3); educational and training facilities, working offices, scientific, research and design organizations, management agencies (Group F4); buildings, constructions, rooms with production and warehouse functions (Group F5).
In particular, some houses belonging to the F1 group such as daycares, kindergartens, preschools; hospitals (except field hospitals), general clinics; maternity homes; specialized houses for the elderly and persons with disabilities (not apartment houses), nursing homes; etc are classified in the F1.1 House Group.
For the group of standards to ensure safety for people (Clause 3), the Circular prescribes the main principles such as:
- Exit for people promptly and unhindered;
- Rescue people affected by dangerous factors of fire;
- Protect people on the way to escape from the effects of dangerous elements of the fire
In addition, to ensure the safety of people, the Circular stipulates standards such as:
- It is not allowed to arrange rooms of group F1.1 (and some other groups of houses belonging to Group F1.2 hotels, group F1.3: Apartment buildings) in basements and semi-basements.
- The floors of the above-mentioned groups of buildings and the floors with several people from 50 or more must have at least two exits;
- F1.1 group rooms with more than 15 people at the same time; in basements and semi-basements there are more than 15 people present at the same time; rooms with 50 people or more at the same time;... must also have at least two escape routes.
Regarding stairs and stairwells on the escape route, the Circular stipulates: The width of the stairs used to escape people, including the stairs placed in the stairwell, must not be less than the calculated width. or the width of any emergency exit (door) on it, and at the same time not less than:
+ 1.35 m - for houses of group F1.1 (as mentioned above, house group of F1.1 includes kindergartens, kindergartens, hospitals, maternity houses; specialized houses for the elderly and disabled people ;...).
+ 1.2 m - for houses with more than 200 people on any floor, except the first floor;
+ The slope (angle of inclination) of the stairs on the escape routes must not be greater than 1:1 (45°); ...
* Regarding regulations on preventing fire spread (Clause 4), the Circular stipulates several main requirements such as:
- Use structural solutions and layout - space to prevent the spread of dangerous elements of fire in a room, between rooms, between floors and units;
- Limiting fire hazards and technological fire hazards in rooms and houses;
- Have primary fire fighting equipment, which includes automatic and hand-held equipment; Having fire detection and alarm equipment; etc
This Circular takes effect from January 16, 2023, and replaces Circular No. 02/2021/TT-BXD dated May 19, 2021, of the Minister of Construction promulgating QCVN 06:2021/BXD Technical Regulations National Art on Fire Safety for Houses and Buildings.
For details, please see:
https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Xay-dung-Do-thi/Thong-tu-06-2022-TT-BXD-Quy-chuan-QCVN-06-2022-BXD-An-toan-chay-cho-nha-va-cong-trinh-544059.aspx
